https://ceh.edu.ly/JERAS/index.php/j/issue/feed 2026-12-15T12:00:00+00:00 أ.د. أحمد السنوسي العربي A.Alarabi@ceh.edu.ly Open Journal Systems <p>Welcome to JERAS, where innovation meets scientific excellence. As a leading platform for scientific research, our journal is dedicated to supporting and disseminating innovative research in the fields of mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, civil engineering, and applied sciences. Published by the College of Engineering Technology - Houn, Libya, our journal serves as a vital channel for knowledge exchange and scientific advancement within the global scientific community.</p> <p>Issuing once a year (December), we are committed to transparency and academic honesty, emphasizing the importance of originality and innovation in published research. With no publication fees, our commitment to expanding access to significant scientific research is clear. Welcome to JERAS, where innovation meets scientific excellence.</p> https://ceh.edu.ly/JERAS/index.php/j/article/view/101 2026-03-29T21:08:46+00:00 Mohammad A. M. Sead Sead Mohammed.Alsanousi@uoa.edu.ly Talal A. Elmasri Elmasri talal_elmasri@uoa.edu.ly Hafed I. S. Abdulsalam Abdulsalam h_abdulsalam@uoa.edu.ly

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Shell and tube heat exchangers are widely used in the industrial chemical processes, especially in refineries, due to their main advantages over other types of heat exchangers. The concerned shell and tube heat exchanger that studied in the paper is used at ZWETINA OIL COMPANY. Extensive simulations of steady state thermal analysis were carried out by using MATLAB R2013a software in an attempt to determine quantitative combined and overlapping relationships among the heat exchanger performance and its associated design and operating parameters such as heat transfer coefficient, friction coefficient, length, and pressure drop. Different tube wall materials and fluid streams were also simulated in order to investigate their effect on the heat exchanger effectiveness. The results show the total heat transfer increases with the increase of tube length and&nbsp; decreasing the input temperature. The pressure drop on the shell side increases with increasing both the flow velocity and number of baffles. The pressure drop on the pipe side increases with increasing both the flow velocity and number of passages. The pressure drop increases with increasing the fluid density. The Nusselt number increases when the increase of internal heat transfer coefficient and decreasing the thermal conductivity.</p> <p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger, Thermal Conductivity, &nbsp;MATLAB</p>

2026-12-15T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ceh.edu.ly/JERAS https://ceh.edu.ly/JERAS/index.php/j/article/view/103 2026-04-02T11:55:06+00:00 Hamza Ali Abdel Salam Abdel Salam Hamza_ali@su.edu.ly

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>The aspect of risk management is a core element in the successful implementation of engineering projects especially in a place where there is a politically unstable situation and weak institutions like in Libya. The engineering and construction industries in Libya have experienced an extreme strain in the last ten years since the country has been affected by unremitting conflict, inadequate governance, unstable oil revenues and lack of coordinating institutions. Such circumstances have resulted in a complicated risk environment which spans across the conventional technical and financial aspects into political, social and environmental aspects. This paper examines issues, approaches and uses of risk management in Libyan Engineering projects using qualitative research methodology of literature review, documents analysis and case study of a leading infrastructure project in Tripoli. The analysis reveals the most essential risk types, such as political, financial, technical, environmental and social, and assesses how each of these risks affects the performance of the project, i.e., costs, schedule, and quality. The results indicate that the most common and the most severe risks are political and financial ones, which explain the most frequent project failures and cost increase. In addition, lack of standardized risk frameworks and the paucity of institutional capacity also leads to the inconsistent results of projects. The paper also considers how global standards including the ISO 31000 and the PMBOK Guide can be adapted to the fragile Libyan environment. It finds that risk management in Libya will necessitate not only technical equipment but also governance change, involvement of stakeholders, and capacity building of institutions. The study suggests that a national risk management framework that is specific to Libya challenges should be developed, with the focus on proactive planning, online risk management, and cross-sectoral cooperation. These can contribute to resilience and better implementation of projects and provide the foundation to sustainable development of infrastructure in vulnerable settings.</p> <p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Risk Management, Engineering Projects, Libya, Fragile States, Project Governance, Infrastructure Resilience.</p>

2026-12-15T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ceh.edu.ly/JERAS